Estonia Population 2026: 1.3M People, Density & Key Facts
Estonia is a country with vast stretches of largely empty land: 1.3M people across 45,228 km², giving a density of 29/km².
GDP per capita stands at $29,538: a figure above the global median. The capital, Tallinn, is the political, economic and cultural centre of the country.
📊 Population at a Glance
About Estonia's Population
With a population of 1.3M, Estonia is home to a significant number of people within its 45,228 km² of territory. The population density of 29/km² reflects how people are distributed across the country: a low density suggesting significant open space and rural areas across the country.
The capital city, Tallinn, serves as the administrative, cultural and economic heart of Estonia. Estonia has a coastline of 3,794 km, which has historically attracted settlement and shaped where the majority of the population lives and works.
In economic terms, Estonia has a total GDP of $38.4B, translating to $29,538 per person. This figure gives a broad indication of average living standards, though income distribution varies considerably across different regions and communities within the country. The official currency is the Euro (€).
Estonia gained independence in 1991 and has since developed a distinct national identity shaped by its geography, history and culture. The official language is Estonian, which is spoken by the vast majority of the population in daily life, education and government.
Within the Northern Europe region, Estonia sits alongside Iceland (376K), Latvia (1.8M), Lithuania (2.8M). This regional context helps illustrate how Estonia's population size compares to its neighbours.
Frequently Asked Questions about Estonia's Population
What is the population of Estonia in 2026?
The population of Estonia is approximately 1.3M people as of 2026.
What is the capital city of Estonia?
The capital city of Estonia is Tallinn, which serves as the country's main administrative and cultural hub.
How densely populated is Estonia?
Estonia has a population density of 29/km². This is a moderate population density.
What is the GDP per capita of Estonia?
Estonia has a GDP per capita of $29,538, with a total GDP of $38.4B. This gives an indication of average economic output per person.
What language do people speak in Estonia?
The official language of Estonia is Estonian.
How big is Estonia?
Estonia covers a total area of 45,228 km². With a population of 1.3M, that gives a density of 29/km².
When did Estonia gain independence?
Estonia gained independence in 1991.
What currency is used in Estonia?
The official currency of Estonia is the Euro (€).
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